In 1545, the most ancient university “medicinal garden” is born in Padua. It was conceived as an academic laboratory of excellence to teach future physicians the therapeutic properties of all the plants known at the time.
Surgery, on the other hand, was not performed by physicians, but by barber-surgeons. Its progress coincided at first with the development of Anatomy – in the 1500s – and then with the introduction of systems to overcome pain (anaesthesia) and infections (sterilisation).
Today, modern Pharmacology and increasingly more innovative surgical techniques guarantee more and more significant therapeutic success.
